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https://houseofsaud.com/hormuz-seafarers-legal-void/
"Approximately 3,200 commercial vessels and 20,000 seafarers remain trapped in Gulf waters west of the Strait of Hormuz, caught inside a legal architecture that international maritime law was not designed to govern. Iran has engineered a selective transit-toll franchise — permitting Chinese, Russian, and Indian-affiliated vessels through for fees settled in yuan or cryptocurrency, while obstructing passage for ships linked to what Tehran designates “hostile nations.."